| Notes |
- William I AKA William the Lion, William Leo, William Dunkeld or
William Canmore.
Traditionally, William founded Arbroath Abbey Arbroath Abbey is a
Tironensian abbey founded in 1178 by King William the Lion in honour
of Saint Thomas a Becket, murdered in 1170. The King is thought to be
buried there.
It is most famous for its association with the Declaration of
Arbroath.
The abbey fell into ruin after the Reformation. From 1590 onwards, it
became a source of building stone for the town of Arbroath. This
continued until 1815 when steps were taken to preserve the remaining
ruins. It is now under the supervision of the Government and is open
to the public.
He became known as "the Lion" because of his flag or standard, a red
lion rampant on a yellow background. This went on to become the Royal
standard of Scotland; the British Monarch when in Scotland still uses
it today. The rampant lion also forms part of the Royal Standard The
Royal Standard is the official flag of Her Majesty The Queen in her
capacity as Sovereign of the United Kingdom and of various other
Realms. Several realms posses their own Royal Standards. The Standard
generally consists of the nation's coat of arms. Outside of the United
Kingdom, a blue disc containing the crowned letter 'E' (for
'Elizabeth'), encircled by a wreath of gold roses, is superimposed
over the coat of arms.
William also arranged the Auld Alliance. The Auld Alliance was an
alliance between Scotland, France, and Norway. (Norway never invoked
the treaty, but was involved in Franco-Scottish politics until 1746.)
The alliance is thought to reach as far back as 1165 and William the
Lion, although the first documentary evidence dates from the treaty
signed by John Balliol in 1295. The terms of the treaty stipulated
that if any country was attacked by England the other countries would
invade English territory, as became evident at the Battle of Flodden
Field.
William died in Stirling in 1214 and lies buried in Arbroath Abbey.
His son, Alexander II (August 24, 1198 - July 6, 1249), King of
Scotland, son of William I, the Lion, and of Ermengarde of Beaumont,
was born at Haddington in 1198, and succeeded to the kingdom on the
death of his father on 4 December1214.
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Abt 1143 - 1214 (71 years)